Der Gefesselte Marx
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Contribution to the Critique of Political Financial system comprises the best-known
description of his concept of historical past. Sooner or later contradiction between the
relations of manufacturing and the forces of manufacturing turn into fetters on the latter,
ushering in a interval of social revolution. The standard interpretation is
that the social revolution will unleash technological advances that allow
industrial manufacturing to broaden by “leaps and bounds,” whilst free time for
employees additionally will increase. Marx’s description, nevertheless, particularly referred to a
basic conclusion he had reached within the 1840s that “turned the guiding
precept of my research.” He didn’t recommend it was a précis of these
subsequent research. Within the Grundrisse, Marx had developed a way more
detailed evaluation of the fetters capital each posits and overcomes, based mostly on
the outstanding premise that “the event of all wealth rests on the
creation of disposable time.” In that evaluation, it’s not a larger amount of
manufactured items that’s fettered by the capitalist relations of manufacturing
however the emancipation of the social particular person.
Within the Grundrisse,
Marx enumerated what the particularly capitalist fetters had been:
These inherent
limits must coincide with the character of capital, with the important
character of its very idea. These vital limits are:(1) Crucial
labour as restrict on the
alternate worth of residing labour capability or of the wages of the commercial
inhabitants;(2) Surplus
worth as restrict on
surplus labour time; and, in regard to relative surplus labour time, as barrier
to the event of the forces of manufacturing;(3) What’s the
similar, the transformation into cash, alternate worth as such, as restrict of
manufacturing; or alternate based on worth, or worth based on alternate, as
restrict of manufacturing.That is:
(4) once more the identical
as restriction of the manufacturing of use values by alternate worth; or that actual wealth has to tackle a particular type distinct from itself, a type not
completely an identical with it, in an effort to turn into an object of manufacturing at
all.
“Nonetheless, these
limits,” Marx added, “come up towards the final tendency of capital… to
neglect and summary from…” these exact same limits! The result’s inevitably
overproduction, not merely within the sense of an extra stock however of a
generalized industrial overcapacity of each technique of manufacturing and labour
energy.