Bonds had a strong begin to 2025, with most high-quality fastened earnings sectors up low- to mid-single digits via the primary half of the 12 months. Whereas shares skilled a roller-coaster experience powered by coverage uncertainty, fastened earnings usually held up nicely regardless of the broader market turbulence. Will it’s the identical story within the second half? Let’s take a more in-depth look.
A Flock to Security
Traditionally, investment-grade bonds have benefited in instances of uncertainty, as buyers usually flock to the security of high-quality fastened earnings when dangers rise. We actually noticed that play out earlier this 12 months when shares offered off and bonds rallied. The chart beneath highlights year-to-date and one-year returns for a handful of main sectors inside fastened earnings.
Yr-to-Date and 1-Yr Whole Returns
| Yr-to-Date | 1 Yr | |
| Bloomberg U.S. Combination Bond Index | 2.35% | 4.61% |
| Bloomberg U.S. Company Bond Index | 2.40% | 5.13% |
| Bloomberg U.S. Company Excessive Yield Index | 3.10% | 9.26% |
| Bloomberg Municipal Bond Index | -1.02% | 0.91% |
| Bloomberg Municipal Excessive Yield Bond Index | 2.47% | 5.54% |
| Bloomberg U.S. Treasury 1-5 Yr Index | 3.44% | 6.45% |
Supply: Bloomberg, as of 6/10/2025. All indices are unmanaged, and buyers can’t really make investments immediately into an index. Not like investments, indices don’t incur administration charges, fees, or bills. Previous efficiency doesn’t assure future outcomes.
Wanting ahead to the second half of the 12 months, the most probably end result for fastened earnings buyers is sustained strong features. Nonetheless, there are dangers that must be acknowledged and monitored, together with the risk to the bond rally posed by growing issues concerning the nation’s deficit and long-term debt plans.
Shifting Focus to Lengthy-Time period Yields
When will the Fed begin slicing charges? Coming into the 12 months, that was one of many main questions for the bond market. We entered the 12 months with merchants pricing between one and two rate of interest cuts in 2025, with the primary reduce anticipated in Could on account of an anticipated financial slowdown. However this fee reduce by no means materialized. The financial information confirmed the job market remained impressively resilient via the beginning of the 12 months, whereas inflation remained stubbornly excessive. Fed members, together with Chair Jerome Powell, have indicated the central financial institution is in no rush to regulate rates of interest and can stay data-dependent when setting charges at future conferences.
Given the dearth of Fed exercise to begin the 12 months and muted expectations for additional fee cuts in 2025, investor focus has shifted towards the longer finish of the yield curve. This shift turned particularly obvious after Moody’s downgrade of the U.S. financial system in Could amid the continuing congressional budgeting discussions which are set to develop the scale of the deficit and nationwide debt.
Lengthy-term Treasury yields fell all through the primary quarter of the 12 months. Within the second quarter, they rose notably, with the 30-year Treasury yield hitting a current excessive of almost 5.10 % in late Could. Whereas long-term yields have pulled again modestly from current highs, they nonetheless sit nicely above the degrees seen all through 2024, indicating continued investor concern. Upwards stress on long-term yields might current a headwind for fastened earnings buyers within the second half of the 12 months, particularly as congressional negotiations over the price range and tax insurance policies proceed.
A Take a look at Company and Municipal Bonds
Whereas Treasury yields attracted many of the consideration within the first half of the 12 months, there are compelling alternatives within the company and municipal bond markets for buyers keen to tackle credit score threat in alternate for heightened yields.
Treasury, municipal, and company bond yields are all presently above their respective 10-year median values (see chart beneath). However tax-adjusted municipal bonds and investment-grade company bonds could present extra potential yield in comparison with Treasuries.
Supply: Bloomberg, FactSet, J.P. Morgan Credit score Analysis, J.P. Morgan Asset Administration. Indices used are Bloomberg apart from ABS, rising market debt and leveraged loans: ABS: J.P. Morgan ABS Index; CMBS: Bloomberg Funding Grade CMBS Index; EMD (USD): J.P. Morgan EMIGLOBAL Diversified Index; EMD (LCL): J.P. Morgan GBI-EM International Diversified Index; EM Corp.: J.P. Morgan CEMBI Broad Diversified; Leveraged Loans: JPM Leveraged Mortgage Index; Euro IG: Bloomberg Euro Combination Company Index; Euro HY: Bloomberg Pan-European Excessive Yield Index. Yield-to-worst is the bottom potential yield that may be acquired on a bond other than the corporate defaulting and considers components like name provisions, prepayments and different options which will have an effect on the bonds’ money flows. *All sectors proven are yield-to-worst apart from Municipals, which is predicated on the tax-equivalent yield-to-worst assuming a top-income tax bracket fee of 37% plus a Medicare tax fee of three.8%. Information to the Markets – U.S. Information are as of Could 30, 2025.
Whereas investment-grade company bonds have moved according to the broader market thus far this 12 months, investment-grade municipal bond returns lagged their friends within the first half. This underperformance was largely on account of a mix of excessive issuance and uneven funding flows, together with issues about potential tax coverage adjustments that might strip some municipal issuers of their tax-exempt standing. Wanting ahead, these headwinds are anticipated to show into tailwinds for buyers, as municipal bond valuations seem comparatively engaging as a result of current underperformance.
Bonds Appearing Like Bonds
Finally, the primary half of the 12 months was largely optimistic for fastened earnings buyers. Regardless of the ups and downs for shares, bonds held up comparatively nicely compared. Given the coverage volatility to begin the 12 months, it’s encouraging to see bonds appearing like bonds in instances of market uncertainty. We should always anticipate to see that habits proceed within the second half.
That’s to not say there aren’t any dangers to this outlook. Political uncertainty stays essentially the most urgent subject for buyers. Whereas we’ve seen progress in reducing the temperature of the continuing price range and commerce negotiations, additional surprises or disruptions might rattle markets. Fastened earnings buyers might also face financial headwinds, particularly if there’s a sustained rise in inflationary stress.
Whereas high-quality bonds have traditionally carried out nicely in instances of uncertainty, current historical past has proven intervals the place bonds and shares skilled declines on the similar time. Most just lately, in 2022, a surge in inflation and rates of interest led to double-digit losses for each shares and bonds. Whereas it’s not anticipated at the moment, if we do see a significant rise in inflation, it might negatively impression markets, particularly if it prevents the Fed from reducing charges later within the 12 months.
Cautious Optimism Forward
All that being mentioned, fastened earnings buyers must be cautiously optimistic as we enter the second half of the 12 months. Valuations are strong, yields are compelling, and bonds are appearing like bonds once more. These components ought to contribute to a strong remainder of the 12 months for buyers.
Bonds are topic to availability and market circumstances; some have name options which will have an effect on earnings. Bond costs and yields are inversely associated: when the value goes up, the yield goes down, and vice versa. Market threat is a consideration if offered or redeemed previous to maturity.